Filibuster Rules in the U.S. Senate

A filibuster is a tactic used in the U.S. Senate to delay votes on controversial legislation or stifle debate on a topic. Typically, a senator wishing to filibuster will ask to speak on the floor of the chamber and, in an attempt to stall legislation action, hold forth for hours at a time. There are few rules that govern a filibuster because the Senate believes its members have the right to speak as long as they want on any issue.   The filibuster dates to the early 1800s. The record  for the longest filibuster is held by  the late U.S. Sen. Strom Thurmond of South Carolina, who spoke for 24 hours and 18 minutes against the Civil Rights Act of 1957, according to U.S. Senate records. In the modern era,  Republican U.S. Sen. Rand Paul of Kentucky staged a daylong filibuster in 2013 that captivated conservatives and libertarians as well as the national news media. Critics call the filibuster unconstitutional at worst and unfair at best. Others believe it to be a  historical relic. Practitioners of the filibuster insist that it protects the rights of the minority against the tyranny of the majority. By their nature, filibusters are meant to draw attention to a specific issues and have the potential to inspire compromise. According to the U.S. Senate, the word filibuster comes from a Dutch word meaning pirate and was first used more than 150 years ago to describe efforts to hold the Senate floor in order to prevent action on a bill. One Way to Break a Filibuster Filibusters rules allow the delay tactic to go on for hours or even days. The only way to force the end of a filibuster is through parliamentary procedure known as  cloture, or Rule 22, which was adopted in 1917.  Once cloture is used, debate is limited to 30 additional hours of debate on the given topic. Sixty members of the 100-member Senate must vote for cloture to stop a filibuster.  At least 16 members of the Senate must sign a cloture motion or petition that states: We, the undersigned Senators, in accordance with the provisions of Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, hereby move to bring to a close the debate upon (the matter in question). Important Dates in the History of the Filibuster ​Heres a look at some of the most important moments in the history of the filibuster and cloture. 1806:  The U.S. Senate amends its rulebook in a way that unwittingly allows a member or members to stall action by speaking for hours on end. The Senate, acting at the request of Vice President Aaron Burr, eliminated a provision called the previous question rule that allowed the chamber to cut off floor debate. Without such a measure in place, a senator was permitted to speak indefinitely, paving the way for the filibuster.1841: Henry Clay  threatens to change the Senates  filibuster rules to allow the majority to close debate when Democrats blocked a bank bill.1872: Vice President Schuyler Colfax rules that under the practice of the Senate the presiding officer could not restrain a Senator in remarks which the Senator considers pertinent to the pending issue.1919: First use of Rule 22 when Senate invoked cloture to end debate against the Treaty of Versailles.1935: Populist U.S. Sen. Huey Long of Louisiana filibusters  for 15 hours and 30 minutes trying, without success, to k eep Senate oversight of National Recovery Administrations senior employees. How was he able to speak so long? He recited  Shakespeare and read recipes for pot-likkers, a Southern term for the  broth created by cooking greens.1957: U.S. Sen.  Strom Thurmond  of South Carolina filibusters  for a record 24 hours and 18 minutes as part of a move that successfully blocked the Civil Rights Act of 1957.1964: U.S. Sen.  Robert Byrd of West Virginia filibusters  for 14 hours and 13 minutes in an unsuccessful attempt to block the Civil Rights Act of 1964.1968: The Abe Fortas appointment to succeed Earl Warren as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is  derailed by Republicans through filibuster.2013:  Republican U.S. Sen. Rand Paul of Kentucky filibusters for nearly 13 hours  to question and raise awareness of the U.S. governments use of drones. It is the  ninth-longest filibuster in history.  I will speak until I can no longer speak, he said.  Paul ended his filibuste r because he had to go to the bathroom. [This articled was updated in May  2018 by Tom Murse.]

Where Are You Planning On Going For College - 978 Words

â€Å"Where are you planning on going to college?† This is a question most will encounter when in their four years of high school in the United States of America. By the time high school students are seniors they are expected to know the college degree that will best suit their future career. Many of these students, not knowing the exact career they want to achieve, will pick a major to study in college that interests them. However, they generally have little to no experience in the career path they pursue, making it easy for them to change their minds. Changing majors after taking courses can be an enormous waste of time, money, and effort, so instead of diving straight into college after high school, high school graduates should get a job in the career field they are interested in for a few years before enrolling in college. Although school guidance counselors may advise against taking time off of school, after experiencing different career options students will have a bette r idea of where they want to go with their college and career paths. College is expensive in the United States of America. Even with scholarships and financial aid college often costs thousands of dollars for the average two year degree. It becomes even more costly when college students change majors and have to retake credit hours. In order to receive the most benefit from the money placed into earning a degree, a student should have work experience in his or her field of interest before choosing a major.Show MoreRelated Four Functions of Management Essay770 Words   |  4 PagesFour Functions of Management Abstract The four functions of management, planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, are very essential in building strong organizations and even stronger more effective teams. 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Why Did Texas Almost Fail as a Spanish Essay - 1284 Words

Why Did Texas Almost Fail as a Spanish Colony? Why do the ventures of man fail? The ventures of men fail primarily due to a lack of planning. In the case of Spanish colonies in Texas this holds true. The Spanish first set eyes on the Texas coast in 1519 and in 1821 they lowered their flag for the final time in Texas. The Spanish had about 300 years to try and colonize Texas and the attempt to colonize and settle Texas was not very successful. The initial boats that came to Texas were shipwrecked and only four people survived of the approximately 270 men that made the trip. One of these four survivors was Cabeza De Vaca. These were the first Spaniards to live on Texas soil. Cabeza had a goal to settle Texas and befriend†¦show more content†¦Third, the Spanish failed to plan for the hostility of the Comanche and Apache Indians living in the area. Thus, the difficult geography, the weak missions, and hostile Indians were the main causes of the near failure of the Spanish colonies in Texas. The geography, primarily the distances between settled areas in Texas was a real problem for the colonization of Texas by the Spaniards. The Spanish were well established in Mexico City in the south and in New Mexico to the north. However, the distance from Mexico City and the missions in San Antonio was about 700 miles (Doc A). Also, the distance from San Antonio to Santa Fe, New Mexico was about the same distance of 700 miles (Doc A). These were the two closest developed areas to the new colonies. In those days, travel was primarily by mule train and it would take around two months to travel these distances (Doc A). These vast distances made it difficult for trade and made it expensive to transport needed supplies to the newly settled areas. 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Particular Duet Performed Specifically Boys â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Particular Duet Performed Specifically Boys? Answer: Introducation The landscape is the design positioning of a particular geographical area or location. This may be described by culture as it a physical description of natural origin distinguishing it from human geography, and Colour and texture, this comes in the form of plantations in a particular geographical area(Graham, Ashworth, Tunbridge, 2016). These elements of landscape affect daily lives in their ways of belonging and behavior contributing to gendering(Heatwole, 2002). The landscape is presented as something owned and commissioned by man thus participating in the commodity status of the land. The landscape is used to provide relationship and generalization between places that are distinct. Therefore landscape is apportioned of the cultural and psychology environment. The latter association and experimental dimension with the idea of belonging distinguish landscape from places. To belong you dont need to have experienced landscape(Graham, Ashworth, Tunbridge, 2016). Colour and Texture Color is the most important element of landscape as part of our daily life. Colours have a lot of effect on mood and gendering. For example. Most ladies use their backyard to add a dimension to create an optical illusion of the space. Such people develop a behavior of controlling their anger by moving into their flower garden where you will find them admiring the color and feeling the texture of the flowers. Colours such as red, yellow and orange are considered warm colors since they evoke a lot of excitement and passion. Green, violet, and blue are good for meditation gardens since they are cooler colors and natural relaxants. Colours that are complimentary bring a very powerful and bold pairing to the human eye. At that time analogous colors easily blend into one another. Color value; Colour value describes its intensity. A photograph taken in black and white appear in grey shades. This is brought about by the varying difference in light and dark. Value is an important factor to consider when choosing bold colors. Others also tend to enjoy feeling the texture, as the texture is the feel and look of plants surface. The texture is a great way to bring variety into your garden. Unlike color different texture create harmony in your landscape. You can balance out coarse-textured plants with smoothly textured ones or mix plants with larger leaves and smaller leaves. This breaks up your landscape, adding interest and mood to your backyard(Heatwole, 2002) Cultural Landscape Culture is an order of life characterized by a particular set of people. Some communities are defined by their dressing culture which contributes to the gendering in our world. The landscape is also defined culturally which is a material aspect of the earth surface. This may include physical aspects such as transport systems, buildings, fields, farms, and settlements. As cultures change over time peoples behavior also change. Culture landscape is majorly made of buildings, modern superhighway, and narrow streets. The cultural landscape of a place may be very different today compared to what it was in the past(Heatwole, 2002). This is as a result of suburban management into cultural farmlands. Such activities trending towards industrialization tend to change peoples behavior as they divert from farming activities to industrialization. Cultural components are not only limited to humans but it is characterized with the earth as well. Humans primarily use their culture where possible to modify and interact and blend in with the earth surface(Graham, Ashworth, Tunbridge, 2016). These activities include Acquainting ecological concept to a particular culture Listing and providing ways for people to adapt and blend in with the physical environment e.g. clothing, agriculture, and housing styles. Identifying the factors which attracted settlers to inhabited and settle in new areas that were considered selected world communities. Providing agricultural practices of the environmental factors that were practiced in particular areas of the world. A description of the characteristics of climate in various communities and their effect on the lives of the people who reside there. The use of natural resources by the early settlers in the world community. Identify ways in which these items reflect human interaction with the natural environment. There is culture region which is a portion of the earth with common elements of culture that identify the mapped cultural regions. This provides the location of a particular cultural community with particular traits of culture.(Heatwole, 2002). The Cultural landscape has some activities to acquaint third graders;Comparing land and houses used in rural, suburban and urban in particular world communities, identifying the major and minor differences and similarities (Heatwole, 2002). This will bring a better understanding by providing a reflection of how cultural landscape differ in different parts of the world. In this way, one can tell childrens character in a particular community of the world and how the production of food was done in these communities. Implication To some males color and texture has some implications whereby they are considered to be for the weaklings in the society. In most world communities males are considered to have a tough spirit and are also strong in heart. Therefore they are no associated with colors and soft feelings. Colour and texture landscape also has another implication on males who have lived in such communities around the world. Most people consider such males to be gentle and caring for the economics they live in tend to dictate them to behave in in that line. Cultural landscape affects males, especially in farming lands and ranches. A good example is cowboys who have particular duties to be performed specifically by the boys. This also resulted in the emergence of a particular dressing code for the males. E.g. Boys wore boots with tight pants and huts as they had to work in the fields in the hot sun and at times in the rain. Also, men living in fields are said to be responsible since they work as they work with living things and know when to attend to them and at what time. References Graham, B., Ashworth, G., Tunbridge, J. (2016). psychology of heritage: Routledge. Heatwole, C. (2002). Geography. New York: Wiley.